Packages and Binaries:

openssh-client

This is the portable version of OpenSSH, a free implementation of the Secure Shell protocol as specified by the IETF secsh working group.

Ssh (Secure Shell) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. It provides secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary TCP/IP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel. It can be used to provide applications with a secure communication channel.

This package provides the ssh, scp and sftp clients, the ssh-agent and ssh-add programs to make public key authentication more convenient, and the ssh-keygen, ssh-keyscan, ssh-copy-id and ssh-argv0 utilities.

In some countries it may be illegal to use any encryption at all without a special permit.

ssh replaces the insecure rsh, rcp and rlogin programs, which are obsolete for most purposes.

Installed size: 4.84 MB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-client

scp

OpenSSH secure file copy

root@kali:~# scp -h
scp: unknown option -- h
usage: scp [-346ABCOpqRrsTv] [-c cipher] [-D sftp_server_path] [-F ssh_config]
           [-i identity_file] [-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option]
           [-P port] [-S program] [-X sftp_option] source ... target

sftp

OpenSSH secure file transfer

root@kali:~# sftp --help
unknown option -- -
usage: sftp [-46AaCfNpqrv] [-B buffer_size] [-b batchfile] [-c cipher]
          [-D sftp_server_command] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file]
          [-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port]
          [-R num_requests] [-S program] [-s subsystem | sftp_server]
          [-X sftp_option] destination

slogin

OpenSSH remote login client

root@kali:~# slogin -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface] [-b bind_address]
           [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file]
           [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]
           [-J destination] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]
           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-P tag] [-p port] [-R address]
           [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]
           destination [command [argument ...]]
       ssh [-Q query_option]

ssh

OpenSSH remote login client

root@kali:~# ssh -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface] [-b bind_address]
           [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file]
           [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]
           [-J destination] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]
           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-P tag] [-p port] [-R address]
           [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]
           destination [command [argument ...]]
       ssh [-Q query_option]

ssh-add

Adds private key identities to the OpenSSH authentication agent

root@kali:~# man ssh-add
SSH-ADD(1)                  General Commands Manual                 SSH-ADD(1)

NAME
       ssh-add  --  adds  private key identities to the OpenSSH authentication
       agent

SYNOPSIS
       ssh-add  [-cCDdKkLlqvXx]  [-E   fingerprint_hash]   [-H   hostkey_file]
               [-h destination_constraint] [-S provider] [-t life] [file ...]
       ssh-add -s pkcs11 [-vC] [certificate ...]
       ssh-add -e pkcs11
       ssh-add -T pubkey ...

DESCRIPTION
       ssh-add  adds  private  key  identities  to  the  authentication agent,
       ssh-agent(1).   When  run  without  arguments,  it   adds   the   files
       ~/.ssh/id_rsa,  ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa, ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk, ~/.ssh/id_ed25519,
       ~/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk, and ~/.ssh/id_dsa.  After loading a private  key,
       ssh-add will try to load corresponding certificate information from the
       filename obtained by appending -cert.pub to the name of the private key
       file.  Alternative file names can be given on the command line.

       If any file requires a passphrase, ssh-add asks for the passphrase from
       the user.  The passphrase is read from the user's tty.  ssh-add retries
       the last passphrase if multiple identity files are given.

       The authentication agent must be running and the SSH_AUTH_SOCK environ-
       ment variable must contain the name of its socket for ssh-add to work.

       The options are as follows:

       -c      Indicates  that added identities should be subject to confirma-
               tion before being used  for  authentication.   Confirmation  is
               performed  by  ssh-askpass(1).  Successful confirmation is sig-
               naled by a zero exit status from  ssh-askpass(1),  rather  than
               text entered into the requester.

       -C      When loading keys into or deleting keys from the agent, process
               certificates only and skip plain keys.

       -D      Deletes all identities from the agent.

       -d      Instead  of  adding  identities,  removes  identities  from the
               agent.  If ssh-add has been run without arguments, the keys for
               the default identities  and  their  corresponding  certificates
               will  be  removed.  Otherwise, the argument list will be inter-
               preted as a list of paths to public key files to  specify  keys
               and  certificates  to  be removed from the agent.  If no public
               key is found at a given path,  ssh-add  will  append  .pub  and
               retry.   If the argument list consists of "-" then ssh-add will
               read public keys to be removed from standard input.

       -E fingerprint_hash
               Specifies the hash algorithm used when displaying  key  finger-
               prints.  Valid options are: "md5" and "sha256".  The default is
               "sha256".

       -e pkcs11
               Remove keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library pkcs11.

       -H hostkey_file
               Specifies  a  known  hosts  file to look up hostkeys when using
               destination-constrained keys via the -h flag.  This option  may
               be  specified  multiple  times  to  allow  multiple files to be
               searched.  If no files are specified, ssh-add will use the  de-
               fault  ssh_config(5)  known  hosts  files:  ~/.ssh/known_hosts,
               ~/.ssh/known_hosts2,       /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts,        and
               /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2.

       -h destination_constraint
               When adding keys, constrain them to be usable only through spe-
               cific hosts or to specific destinations.

               Destination constraints of the form `[user@]dest-hostname' per-
               mit  use  of the key only from the origin host (the one running
               ssh-agent(1)) to the listed  destination  host,  with  optional
               user name.

               Constraints  of the form `src-hostname>[user@]dst-hostname' al-
               low a key available on a  forwarded  ssh-agent(1)  to  be  used
               through  a  particular host (as specified by `src-hostname') to
               authenticate to a further host, specified by `dst-hostname'.

               Multiple destination constraints  may  be  added  when  loading
               keys.   When attempting authentication with a key that has des-
               tination constraints,  the  whole  connection  path,  including
               ssh-agent(1)  forwarding,  is  tested against those constraints
               and each hop must be permitted for the attempt to succeed.  For
               example, if key is forwarded to a remote host, `host-b', and is
               attempting authentication to another host, `host-c',  then  the
               operation  will  be  successful  only if `host-b' was permitted
               from the origin host and the subsequent `host-b>host-c' hop  is
               also permitted by destination constraints.

               Hosts are identified by their host keys, and are looked up from
               known  hosts  files by ssh-add.  Wildcards patterns may be used
               for hostnames and certificate host keys are supported.  By  de-
               fault, keys added by ssh-add are not destination constrained.

               Destination  constraints  were  added  in  OpenSSH release 8.9.
               Support in both the remote SSH client and  server  is  required
               when   using  destination-constrained  keys  over  a  forwarded
               ssh-agent(1) channel.

               It is also important to note that destination  constraints  can
               only be enforced by ssh-agent(1) when a key is used, or when it
               is  forwarded  by  a cooperating ssh(1).  Specifically, it does
               not prevent an attacker with access to a  remote  SSH_AUTH_SOCK
               from  forwarding it again and using it on a different host (but
               only to a permitted destination).

       -K      Load resident keys from a FIDO authenticator.

       -k      When loading keys into or deleting keys from the agent, process
               plain private keys only and skip certificates.

       -L      Lists public key parameters of all identities currently  repre-
               sented by the agent.

       -l      Lists  fingerprints  of all identities currently represented by
               the agent.

       -q      Be quiet after a successful operation.

       -S provider
               Specifies a path to a library that will  be  used  when  adding
               FIDO authenticator-hosted keys, overriding the default of using
               the internal USB HID support.

       -s pkcs11
               Add  keys  provided by the PKCS#11 shared library pkcs11.  Cer-
               tificate files may optionally be listed as  command-line  argu-
               ments.  If these are present, then they will be loaded into the
               agent  using  any  corresponding  private  keys loaded from the
               PKCS#11 token.

       -T pubkey ...
               Tests whether the private keys that correspond to the specified
               pubkey files are usable by performing sign  and  verify  opera-
               tions on each.

       -t life
               Set a maximum lifetime when adding identities to an agent.  The
               lifetime may be specified in seconds or in a time format speci-
               fied in sshd_config(5).

       -v      Verbose mode.  Causes ssh-add to print debugging messages about
               its progress.  This is helpful in debugging problems.  Multiple
               -v options increase the verbosity.  The maximum is 3.

       -X      Unlock the agent.

       -x      Lock the agent with a password.

ENVIRONMENT
       DISPLAY, SSH_ASKPASS and SSH_ASKPASS_REQUIRE
               If ssh-add needs a passphrase, it will read the passphrase from
               the current terminal if it was run from a terminal.  If ssh-add
               does  not  have  a  terminal associated with it but DISPLAY and
               SSH_ASKPASS are set, it will execute the program  specified  by
               SSH_ASKPASS  (by  default "ssh-askpass") and open an X11 window
               to read the passphrase.  This is particularly useful when call-
               ing ssh-add from a .xsession or related script.

               SSH_ASKPASS_REQUIRE allows further control over the use  of  an
               askpass  program.   If  this  variable  is  set to "never" then
               ssh-add will never attempt  to  use  one.   If  it  is  set  to
               "prefer",  then  ssh-add will prefer to use the askpass program
               instead of the TTY when requesting passwords.  Finally, if  the
               variable  is  set  to "force", then the askpass program will be
               used for all passphrase input regardless of whether DISPLAY  is
               set.

       SSH_AUTH_SOCK
               Identifies the path of a Unix-domain socket used to communicate
               with the agent.

       SSH_SK_PROVIDER
               Specifies  a  path  to a library that will be used when loading
               any FIDO authenticator-hosted keys, overriding the  default  of
               using the built-in USB HID support.

FILES
       ~/.ssh/id_dsa
       ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
       ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
       ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
       ~/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
       ~/.ssh/id_rsa
               Contains  the  DSA, ECDSA, authenticator-hosted ECDSA, Ed25519,
               authenticator-hosted Ed25519 or RSA authentication identity  of
               the user.

       Identity  files  should  not  be readable by anyone but the user.  Note
       that ssh-add ignores identity files if they are accessible by others.

EXIT STATUS
       Exit status is 0 on success, 1 if the specified command fails, and 2 if
       ssh-add is unable to contact the authentication agent.

SEE ALSO
       ssh(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-askpass(1), ssh-keygen(1), sshd(8)

AUTHORS
       OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free ssh 1.2.12 release  by
       Tatu  Ylonen.   Aaron  Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos,
       Theo de Raadt and Dug Song removed many bugs, re-added  newer  features
       and  created  OpenSSH.   Markus  Friedl contributed the support for SSH
       protocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.

Debian                         December 18, 2023                    SSH-ADD(1)

ssh-agent

OpenSSH authentication agent

root@kali:~# ssh-agent -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh-agent [-c | -s] [-Dd] [-a bind_address] [-E fingerprint_hash]
                 [-O option] [-P allowed_providers] [-t life]
       ssh-agent [-a bind_address] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-O option]
                 [-P allowed_providers] [-t life] command [arg ...]
       ssh-agent [-c | -s] -k

ssh-argv0

Replaces the old ssh command-name as hostname handling

root@kali:~# man ssh-argv0
SSH-ARGV0(1)                General Commands Manual               SSH-ARGV0(1)

NAME
       ssh-argv0 -- replaces the old ssh command-name as hostname handling

SYNOPSIS
       hostname | user@hostname [-l login_name] [command]

       hostname   |  user@hostname  [-afgknqstvxACNTX1246]  [-b  bind_address]
       [-c cipher_spec] [-e escape_char] [-i  identity_file]  [-l  login_name]
       [-m   mac_spec]   [-o   option]   [-p   port]   [-F   configfile]   [-L
       port:host:hostport] [-R port:host:hostport] [-D port] [command]

DESCRIPTION
       ssh-argv0 replaces the old ssh command-name as hostname  handling.   If
       you  link  to  this  script  with a hostname then executing the link is
       equivalent to having executed ssh with that hostname  as  an  argument.
       All other arguments are passed to ssh and will be processed normally.

OPTIONS
       See ssh(1).

FILES
       See ssh(1).

AUTHORS
       OpenSSH  is a derivative of the original and free ssh 1.2.12 release by
       Tatu Ylonen.  Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus  Friedl,  Niels  Provos,
       Theo  de  Raadt and Dug Song removed many bugs, re-added newer features
       and created OpenSSH.  Markus Friedl contributed  the  support  for  SSH
       protocol  versions  1.5  and  2.0.   Natalie Amery wrote this ssh-argv0
       script and the associated documentation.

SEE ALSO
       ssh(1)

Debian Project                 September 7, 2001                  SSH-ARGV0(1)

ssh-copy-id

Use locally available keys to authorise logins on a remote machine

root@kali:~# ssh-copy-id --help
Illegal option --
Usage: /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id [-h|-?|-f|-n|-s|-x] [-i [identity_file]] [-p port] [-F alternative ssh_config file] [-t target_path] [[-o <ssh -o options>] ...] [user@]hostname
	-f: force mode -- copy keys without trying to check if they are already installed
	-n: dry run    -- no keys are actually copied
	-s: use sftp   -- use sftp instead of executing remote-commands. Can be useful if the remote only allows sftp
	-x: debug      -- enables -x in this shell, for debugging
	-h|-?: print this help

ssh-keygen

OpenSSH authentication key utility

root@kali:~# ssh-keygen --help
unknown option -- -
usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-a rounds] [-b bits] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]
                  [-m format] [-N new_passphrase] [-O option]
                  [-t dsa | ecdsa | ecdsa-sk | ed25519 | ed25519-sk | rsa]
                  [-w provider] [-Z cipher]
       ssh-keygen -p [-a rounds] [-f keyfile] [-m format] [-N new_passphrase]
                   [-P old_passphrase] [-Z cipher]
       ssh-keygen -i [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]
       ssh-keygen -e [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]
       ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -c [-a rounds] [-C comment] [-f keyfile] [-P passphrase]
       ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -D pkcs11
       ssh-keygen -F hostname [-lv] [-f known_hosts_file]
       ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]
       ssh-keygen -K [-a rounds] [-w provider]
       ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]
       ssh-keygen -r hostname [-g] [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -M generate [-O option] output_file
       ssh-keygen -M screen [-f input_file] [-O option] output_file
       ssh-keygen -I certificate_identity -s ca_key [-hU] [-D pkcs11_provider]
                  [-n principals] [-O option] [-V validity_interval]
                  [-z serial_number] file ...
       ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -A [-a rounds] [-f prefix_path]
       ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]
                  file ...
       ssh-keygen -Q [-l] -f krl_file [file ...]
       ssh-keygen -Y find-principals -s signature_file -f allowed_signers_file
       ssh-keygen -Y match-principals -I signer_identity -f allowed_signers_file
       ssh-keygen -Y check-novalidate -n namespace -s signature_file
       ssh-keygen -Y sign -f key_file -n namespace file [-O option] ...
       ssh-keygen -Y verify -f allowed_signers_file -I signer_identity
                  -n namespace -s signature_file [-r krl_file] [-O option]

ssh-keyscan

Gather SSH public keys from servers

root@kali:~# ssh-keyscan -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh-keyscan [-46cDHv] [-f file] [-O option] [-p port] [-T timeout]
                   [-t type] [host | addrlist namelist]

openssh-server

This is the portable version of OpenSSH, a free implementation of the Secure Shell protocol as specified by the IETF secsh working group.

Ssh (Secure Shell) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. It provides secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary TCP/IP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel. It can be used to provide applications with a secure communication channel.

This package provides the sshd server.

In some countries it may be illegal to use any encryption at all without a special permit.

sshd replaces the insecure rshd program, which is obsolete for most purposes.

Installed size: 1.76 MB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-server

sshd

OpenSSH daemon

root@kali:~# sshd -h
option requires an argument -- h
OpenSSH_9.6p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 3.1.4 24 Oct 2023
usage: sshd [-46DdeGiqTtV] [-C connection_spec] [-c host_cert_file]
            [-E log_file] [-f config_file] [-g login_grace_time]
            [-h host_key_file] [-o option] [-p port] [-u len]

openssh-sftp-server

This is the portable version of OpenSSH, a free implementation of the Secure Shell protocol as specified by the IETF secsh working group.

Ssh (Secure Shell) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. It provides secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary TCP/IP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel. It can be used to provide applications with a secure communication channel.

This package provides the SFTP server module for the SSH server. It is needed if you want to access your SSH server with SFTP. The SFTP server module also works with other SSH daemons like dropbear.

OpenSSH’s sftp and sftp-server implement revision 3 of the SSH filexfer protocol described in:

http://www.openssh.com/txt/draft-ietf-secsh-filexfer-02.txt

Newer versions of the draft will not be supported, though some features are individually implemented as extensions.

Installed size: 173 KB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-sftp-server

openssh-tests

This package provides OpenSSH’s regression test suite. It is mainly intended for use with the autopkgtest system, though can also be run directly using /usr/lib/openssh/regress/run-tests.

Installed size: 6.57 MB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-tests

ssh

This metapackage is a convenient way to install both the OpenSSH client and the OpenSSH server. It provides nothing in and of itself, so you may remove it if nothing depends on it.

Installed size: 163 KB
How to install: sudo apt install ssh

ssh-askpass-gnome

This has been split out of the main openssh-client package so that openssh-client does not need to depend on GTK+.

You probably want the ssh-askpass package instead, but this is provided to add to your choice and/or confusion.

Installed size: 200 KB
How to install: sudo apt install ssh-askpass-gnome